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<?php
/**
* This file is part of CodeIgniter 4 framework.
*
* (c) CodeIgniter Foundation <admin@codeigniter.com>
*
* For the full copyright and license information, please view
* the LICENSE file that was distributed with this source code.
*/
namespace CodeIgniter\Database;
use Closure;
use CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions\DatabaseException;
use CodeIgniter\Database\Exceptions\DataException;
use InvalidArgumentException;
/**
* Class BaseBuilder
*
* Provides the core Query Builder methods.
* Database-specific Builders might need to override
* certain methods to make them work.
*/
class BaseBuilder
{
/**
* Reset DELETE data flag
*
* @var bool
*/
protected $resetDeleteData = false;
/**
* QB SELECT data
*
* @var array
*/
protected $QBSelect = [];
/**
* QB DISTINCT flag
*
* @var bool
*/
protected $QBDistinct = false;
/**
* QB FROM data
*
* @var array
*/
protected $QBFrom = [];
/**
* QB JOIN data
*
* @var array
*/
protected $QBJoin = [];
/**
* QB WHERE data
*
* @var array
*/
protected $QBWhere = [];
/**
* QB GROUP BY data
*
* @var array
*/
public $QBGroupBy = [];
/**
* QB HAVING data
*
* @var array
*/
protected $QBHaving = [];
/**
* QB keys
*
* @var array
*/
protected $QBKeys = [];
/**
* QB LIMIT data
*
* @var bool|int
*/
protected $QBLimit = false;
/**
* QB OFFSET data
*
* @var bool|int
*/
protected $QBOffset = false;
/**
* QB ORDER BY data
*
* @var array|string|null
*/
public $QBOrderBy = [];
/**
* QB UNION data
*
* @var array<string>
*/
protected array $QBUnion = [];
/**
* QB NO ESCAPE data
*
* @var array
*/
public $QBNoEscape = [];
/**
* QB data sets
*
* @var array
*/
protected $QBSet = [];
/**
* QB WHERE group started flag
*
* @var bool
*/
protected $QBWhereGroupStarted = false;
/**
* QB WHERE group count
*
* @var int
*/
protected $QBWhereGroupCount = 0;
/**
* Ignore data that cause certain
* exceptions, for example in case of
* duplicate keys.
*
* @var bool
*/
protected $QBIgnore = false;
/**
* A reference to the database connection.
*
* @var BaseConnection
*/
protected $db;
/**
* Name of the primary table for this instance.
* Tracked separately because $QBFrom gets escaped
* and prefixed.
*
* When $tableName to the constructor has multiple tables,
* the value is empty string.
*
* @var string
*/
protected $tableName;
/**
* ORDER BY random keyword
*
* @var array
*/
protected $randomKeyword = [
'RAND()',
'RAND(%d)',
];
/**
* COUNT string
*
* @used-by CI_DB_driver::count_all()
* @used-by BaseBuilder::count_all_results()
*
* @var string
*/
protected $countString = 'SELECT COUNT(*) AS ';
/**
* Collects the named parameters and
* their values for later binding
* in the Query object.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $binds = [];
/**
* Collects the key count for named parameters
* in the Query object.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $bindsKeyCount = [];
/**
* Some databases, like SQLite, do not by default
* allow limiting of delete clauses.
*
* @var bool
*/
protected $canLimitDeletes = true;
/**
* Some databases do not by default
* allow limit update queries with WHERE.
*
* @var bool
*/
protected $canLimitWhereUpdates = true;
/**
* Specifies which sql statements
* support the ignore option.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $supportedIgnoreStatements = [];
/**
* Builder testing mode status.
*
* @var bool
*/
protected $testMode = false;
/**
* Tables relation types
*
* @var array
*/
protected $joinTypes = [
'LEFT',
'RIGHT',
'OUTER',
'INNER',
'LEFT OUTER',
'RIGHT OUTER',
];
/**
* Strings that determine if a string represents a literal value or a field name
*
* @var string[]
*/
protected $isLiteralStr = [];
/**
* RegExp used to get operators
*
* @var string[]
*/
protected $pregOperators = [];
/**
* Constructor
*
* @param array|string $tableName tablename or tablenames with or without aliases
*
* Examples of $tableName: `mytable`, `jobs j`, `jobs j, users u`, `['jobs j','users u']`
*
* @throws DatabaseException
*/
public function __construct($tableName, ConnectionInterface $db, ?array $options = null)
{
if (empty($tableName)) {
throw new DatabaseException('A table must be specified when creating a new Query Builder.');
}
/**
* @var BaseConnection $db
*/
$this->db = $db;
// If it contains `,`, it has multiple tables
if (is_string($tableName) && strpos($tableName, ',') === false) {
$this->tableName = $tableName; // @TODO remove alias if exists
} else {
$this->tableName = '';
}
$this->from($tableName);
if (! empty($options)) {
foreach ($options as $key => $value) {
if (property_exists($this, $key)) {
$this->{$key} = $value;
}
}
}
}
/**
* Returns the current database connection
*
* @return BaseConnection|ConnectionInterface
*/
public function db(): ConnectionInterface
{
return $this->db;
}
/**
* Sets a test mode status.
*
* @return $this
*/
public function testMode(bool $mode = true)
{
$this->testMode = $mode;
return $this;
}
/**
* Gets the name of the primary table.
*/
public function getTable(): string
{
return $this->tableName;
}
/**
* Returns an array of bind values and their
* named parameters for binding in the Query object later.
*/
public function getBinds(): array
{
return $this->binds;
}
/**
* Ignore
*
* Set ignore Flag for next insert,
* update or delete query.
*
* @return $this
*/
public function ignore(bool $ignore = true)
{
$this->QBIgnore = $ignore;
return $this;
}
/**
* Generates the SELECT portion of the query
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $select
*
* @return $this
*/
public function select($select = '*', ?bool $escape = null)
{
if (is_string($select)) {
$select = explode(',', $select);
}
// If the escape value was not set, we will base it on the global setting
if (! is_bool($escape)) {
$escape = $this->db->protectIdentifiers;
}
if ($select instanceof RawSql) {
$this->QBSelect[] = $select;
return $this;
}
foreach ($select as $val) {
$val = trim($val);
if ($val !== '') {
$this->QBSelect[] = $val;
/*
* When doing 'SELECT NULL as field_alias FROM table'
* null gets taken as a field, and therefore escaped
* with backticks.
* This prevents NULL being escaped
* @see https://github.com/codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4/issues/1169
*/
if (mb_stripos(trim($val), 'NULL') === 0) {
$escape = false;
}
$this->QBNoEscape[] = $escape;
}
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Generates a SELECT MAX(field) portion of a query
*
* @return $this
*/
public function selectMax(string $select = '', string $alias = '')
{
return $this->maxMinAvgSum($select, $alias);
}
/**
* Generates a SELECT MIN(field) portion of a query
*
* @return $this
*/
public function selectMin(string $select = '', string $alias = '')
{
return $this->maxMinAvgSum($select, $alias, 'MIN');
}
/**
* Generates a SELECT AVG(field) portion of a query
*
* @return $this
*/
public function selectAvg(string $select = '', string $alias = '')
{
return $this->maxMinAvgSum($select, $alias, 'AVG');
}
/**
* Generates a SELECT SUM(field) portion of a query
*
* @return $this
*/
public function selectSum(string $select = '', string $alias = '')
{
return $this->maxMinAvgSum($select, $alias, 'SUM');
}
/**
* Generates a SELECT COUNT(field) portion of a query
*
* @return $this
*/
public function selectCount(string $select = '', string $alias = '')
{
return $this->maxMinAvgSum($select, $alias, 'COUNT');
}
/**
* Adds a subquery to the selection
*/
public function selectSubquery(BaseBuilder $subquery, string $as): self
{
$this->QBSelect[] = $this->buildSubquery($subquery, true, $as);
return $this;
}
/**
* SELECT [MAX|MIN|AVG|SUM|COUNT]()
*
* @used-by selectMax()
* @used-by selectMin()
* @used-by selectAvg()
* @used-by selectSum()
*
* @throws DatabaseException
* @throws DataException
*
* @return $this
*/
protected function maxMinAvgSum(string $select = '', string $alias = '', string $type = 'MAX')
{
if ($select === '') {
throw DataException::forEmptyInputGiven('Select');
}
if (strpos($select, ',') !== false) {
throw DataException::forInvalidArgument('column name not separated by comma');
}
$type = strtoupper($type);
if (! in_array($type, ['MAX', 'MIN', 'AVG', 'SUM', 'COUNT'], true)) {
throw new DatabaseException('Invalid function type: ' . $type);
}
if ($alias === '') {
$alias = $this->createAliasFromTable(trim($select));
}
$sql = $type . '(' . $this->db->protectIdentifiers(trim($select)) . ') AS ' . $this->db->escapeIdentifiers(trim($alias));
$this->QBSelect[] = $sql;
$this->QBNoEscape[] = null;
return $this;
}
/**
* Determines the alias name based on the table
*/
protected function createAliasFromTable(string $item): string
{
if (strpos($item, '.') !== false) {
$item = explode('.', $item);
return end($item);
}
return $item;
}
/**
* Sets a flag which tells the query string compiler to add DISTINCT
*
* @return $this
*/
public function distinct(bool $val = true)
{
$this->QBDistinct = $val;
return $this;
}
/**
* Generates the FROM portion of the query
*
* @param array|string $from
*
* @return $this
*/
public function from($from, bool $overwrite = false): self
{
if ($overwrite === true) {
$this->QBFrom = [];
$this->db->setAliasedTables([]);
}
foreach ((array) $from as $table) {
if (strpos($table, ',') !== false) {
$this->from(explode(',', $table));
} else {
$table = trim($table);
if ($table === '') {
continue;
}
$this->trackAliases($table);
$this->QBFrom[] = $this->db->protectIdentifiers($table, true, null, false);
}
}
return $this;
}
/**
* @param BaseBuilder $from Expected subquery
* @param string $alias Subquery alias
*
* @return $this
*/
public function fromSubquery(BaseBuilder $from, string $alias): self
{
$table = $this->buildSubquery($from, true, $alias);
$this->trackAliases($table);
$this->QBFrom[] = $table;
return $this;
}
/**
* Generates the JOIN portion of the query
*
* @param RawSql|string $cond
*
* @return $this
*/
public function join(string $table, $cond, string $type = '', ?bool $escape = null)
{
if ($type !== '') {
$type = strtoupper(trim($type));
if (! in_array($type, $this->joinTypes, true)) {
$type = '';
} else {
$type .= ' ';
}
}
// Extract any aliases that might exist. We use this information
// in the protectIdentifiers to know whether to add a table prefix
$this->trackAliases($table);
if (! is_bool($escape)) {
$escape = $this->db->protectIdentifiers;
}
// Do we want to escape the table name?
if ($escape === true) {
$table = $this->db->protectIdentifiers($table, true, null, false);
}
if ($cond instanceof RawSql) {
$this->QBJoin[] = $type . 'JOIN ' . $table . ' ON ' . $cond;
return $this;
}
if (! $this->hasOperator($cond)) {
$cond = ' USING (' . ($escape ? $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($cond) : $cond) . ')';
} elseif ($escape === false) {
$cond = ' ON ' . $cond;
} else {
// Split multiple conditions
if (preg_match_all('/\sAND\s|\sOR\s/i', $cond, $joints, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE)) {
$conditions = [];
$joints = $joints[0];
array_unshift($joints, ['', 0]);
for ($i = count($joints) - 1, $pos = strlen($cond); $i >= 0; $i--) {
$joints[$i][1] += strlen($joints[$i][0]); // offset
$conditions[$i] = substr($cond, $joints[$i][1], $pos - $joints[$i][1]);
$pos = $joints[$i][1] - strlen($joints[$i][0]);
$joints[$i] = $joints[$i][0];
}
ksort($conditions);
} else {
$conditions = [$cond];
$joints = [''];
}
$cond = ' ON ';
foreach ($conditions as $i => $condition) {
$operator = $this->getOperator($condition);
$cond .= $joints[$i];
$cond .= preg_match('/(\(*)?([\[\]\w\.\'-]+)' . preg_quote($operator, '/') . '(.*)/i', $condition, $match) ? $match[1] . $this->db->protectIdentifiers($match[2]) . $operator . $this->db->protectIdentifiers($match[3]) : $condition;
}
}
// Assemble the JOIN statement
$this->QBJoin[] = $type . 'JOIN ' . $table . $cond;
return $this;
}
/**
* Generates the WHERE portion of the query.
* Separates multiple calls with 'AND'.
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $key
* @param mixed $value
*
* @return $this
*/
public function where($key, $value = null, ?bool $escape = null)
{
return $this->whereHaving('QBWhere', $key, $value, 'AND ', $escape);
}
/**
* OR WHERE
*
* Generates the WHERE portion of the query.
* Separates multiple calls with 'OR'.
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $key
* @param mixed $value
* @param bool $escape
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orWhere($key, $value = null, ?bool $escape = null)
{
return $this->whereHaving('QBWhere', $key, $value, 'OR ', $escape);
}
/**
* @used-by where()
* @used-by orWhere()
* @used-by having()
* @used-by orHaving()
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $key
* @param mixed $value
*
* @return $this
*/
protected function whereHaving(string $qbKey, $key, $value = null, string $type = 'AND ', ?bool $escape = null)
{
if ($key instanceof RawSql) {
$keyValue = [(string) $key => $key];
$escape = false;
} elseif (! is_array($key)) {
$keyValue = [$key => $value];
} else {
$keyValue = $key;
}
// If the escape value was not set will base it on the global setting
if (! is_bool($escape)) {
$escape = $this->db->protectIdentifiers;
}
foreach ($keyValue as $k => $v) {
$prefix = empty($this->{$qbKey}) ? $this->groupGetType('') : $this->groupGetType($type);
if ($v instanceof RawSql) {
$k = '';
$op = '';
} elseif ($v !== null) {
$op = $this->getOperator($k, true);
if (! empty($op)) {
$k = trim($k);
end($op);
$op = trim(current($op));
if (substr($k, -strlen($op)) === $op) {
$k = rtrim(substr($k, 0, -strlen($op)));
$op = " {$op}";
} else {
$op = '';
}
} else {
$op = ' =';
}
if ($this->isSubquery($v)) {
$v = $this->buildSubquery($v, true);
} else {
$bind = $this->setBind($k, $v, $escape);
$v = " :{$bind}:";
}
} elseif (! $this->hasOperator($k) && $qbKey !== 'QBHaving') {
// value appears not to have been set, assign the test to IS NULL
$op = ' IS NULL';
} elseif (preg_match('/\s*(!?=|<>|IS(?:\s+NOT)?)\s*$/i', $k, $match, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE)) {
$k = substr($k, 0, $match[0][1]);
$op = $match[1][0] === '=' ? ' IS NULL' : ' IS NOT NULL';
} else {
$op = '';
}
if ($v instanceof RawSql) {
$this->{$qbKey}[] = [
'condition' => $v->with($prefix . $k . $op . $v),
'escape' => $escape,
];
} else {
$this->{$qbKey}[] = [
'condition' => $prefix . $k . $op . $v,
'escape' => $escape,
];
}
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Generates a WHERE field IN('item', 'item') SQL query,
* joined with 'AND' if appropriate.
*
* @param array|BaseBuilder|Closure|string $values The values searched on, or anonymous function with subquery
*
* @return $this
*/
public function whereIn(?string $key = null, $values = null, ?bool $escape = null)
{
return $this->_whereIn($key, $values, false, 'AND ', $escape);
}
/**
* Generates a WHERE field IN('item', 'item') SQL query,
* joined with 'OR' if appropriate.
*
* @param array|BaseBuilder|Closure|string $values The values searched on, or anonymous function with subquery
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orWhereIn(?string $key = null, $values = null, ?bool $escape = null)
{
return $this->_whereIn($key, $values, false, 'OR ', $escape);
}
/**
* Generates a WHERE field NOT IN('item', 'item') SQL query,
* joined with 'AND' if appropriate.
*
* @param array|BaseBuilder|Closure|string $values The values searched on, or anonymous function with subquery
*
* @return $this
*/
public function whereNotIn(?string $key = null, $values = null, ?bool $escape = null)
{
return $this->_whereIn($key, $values, true, 'AND ', $escape);
}
/**
* Generates a WHERE field NOT IN('item', 'item') SQL query,
* joined with 'OR' if appropriate.
*
* @param array|BaseBuilder|Closure|string $values The values searched on, or anonymous function with subquery
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orWhereNotIn(?string $key = null, $values = null, ?bool $escape = null)
{
return $this->_whereIn($key, $values, true, 'OR ', $escape);
}
/**
* Generates a HAVING field IN('item', 'item') SQL query,
* joined with 'AND' if appropriate.
*
* @param array|BaseBuilder|Closure|string $values The values searched on, or anonymous function with subquery
*
* @return $this
*/
public function havingIn(?string $key = null, $values = null, ?bool $escape = null)
{
return $this->_whereIn($key, $values, false, 'AND ', $escape, 'QBHaving');
}
/**
* Generates a HAVING field IN('item', 'item') SQL query,
* joined with 'OR' if appropriate.
*
* @param array|BaseBuilder|Closure|string $values The values searched on, or anonymous function with subquery
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orHavingIn(?string $key = null, $values = null, ?bool $escape = null)
{
return $this->_whereIn($key, $values, false, 'OR ', $escape, 'QBHaving');
}
/**
* Generates a HAVING field NOT IN('item', 'item') SQL query,
* joined with 'AND' if appropriate.
*
* @param array|BaseBuilder|Closure|string $values The values searched on, or anonymous function with subquery
*
* @return $this
*/
public function havingNotIn(?string $key = null, $values = null, ?bool $escape = null)
{
return $this->_whereIn($key, $values, true, 'AND ', $escape, 'QBHaving');
}
/**
* Generates a HAVING field NOT IN('item', 'item') SQL query,
* joined with 'OR' if appropriate.
*
* @param array|BaseBuilder|Closure|string $values The values searched on, or anonymous function with subquery
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orHavingNotIn(?string $key = null, $values = null, ?bool $escape = null)
{
return $this->_whereIn($key, $values, true, 'OR ', $escape, 'QBHaving');
}
/**
* @used-by WhereIn()
* @used-by orWhereIn()
* @used-by whereNotIn()
* @used-by orWhereNotIn()
*
* @param array|BaseBuilder|Closure|null $values The values searched on, or anonymous function with subquery
*
* @throws InvalidArgumentException
*
* @return $this
*/
protected function _whereIn(?string $key = null, $values = null, bool $not = false, string $type = 'AND ', ?bool $escape = null, string $clause = 'QBWhere')
{
if (empty($key) || ! is_string($key)) {
if (CI_DEBUG) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('%s() expects $key to be a non-empty string', debug_backtrace(0, 2)[1]['function']));
}
return $this; // @codeCoverageIgnore
}
if ($values === null || (! is_array($values) && ! $this->isSubquery($values))) {
if (CI_DEBUG) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException(sprintf('%s() expects $values to be of type array or closure', debug_backtrace(0, 2)[1]['function']));
}
return $this; // @codeCoverageIgnore
}
if (! is_bool($escape)) {
$escape = $this->db->protectIdentifiers;
}
$ok = $key;
if ($escape === true) {
$key = $this->db->protectIdentifiers($key);
}
$not = ($not) ? ' NOT' : '';
if ($this->isSubquery($values)) {
$whereIn = $this->buildSubquery($values, true);
$escape = false;
} else {
$whereIn = array_values($values);
}
$ok = $this->setBind($ok, $whereIn, $escape);
$prefix = empty($this->{$clause}) ? $this->groupGetType('') : $this->groupGetType($type);
$whereIn = [
'condition' => "{$prefix}{$key}{$not} IN :{$ok}:",
'escape' => false,
];
$this->{$clause}[] = $whereIn;
return $this;
}
/**
* Generates a %LIKE% portion of the query.
* Separates multiple calls with 'AND'.
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $field
*
* @return $this
*/
public function like($field, string $match = '', string $side = 'both', ?bool $escape = null, bool $insensitiveSearch = false)
{
return $this->_like($field, $match, 'AND ', $side, '', $escape, $insensitiveSearch);
}
/**
* Generates a NOT LIKE portion of the query.
* Separates multiple calls with 'AND'.
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $field
*
* @return $this
*/
public function notLike($field, string $match = '', string $side = 'both', ?bool $escape = null, bool $insensitiveSearch = false)
{
return $this->_like($field, $match, 'AND ', $side, 'NOT', $escape, $insensitiveSearch);
}
/**
* Generates a %LIKE% portion of the query.
* Separates multiple calls with 'OR'.
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $field
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orLike($field, string $match = '', string $side = 'both', ?bool $escape = null, bool $insensitiveSearch = false)
{
return $this->_like($field, $match, 'OR ', $side, '', $escape, $insensitiveSearch);
}
/**
* Generates a NOT LIKE portion of the query.
* Separates multiple calls with 'OR'.
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $field
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orNotLike($field, string $match = '', string $side = 'both', ?bool $escape = null, bool $insensitiveSearch = false)
{
return $this->_like($field, $match, 'OR ', $side, 'NOT', $escape, $insensitiveSearch);
}
/**
* Generates a %LIKE% portion of the query.
* Separates multiple calls with 'AND'.
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $field
*
* @return $this
*/
public function havingLike($field, string $match = '', string $side = 'both', ?bool $escape = null, bool $insensitiveSearch = false)
{
return $this->_like($field, $match, 'AND ', $side, '', $escape, $insensitiveSearch, 'QBHaving');
}
/**
* Generates a NOT LIKE portion of the query.
* Separates multiple calls with 'AND'.
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $field
*
* @return $this
*/
public function notHavingLike($field, string $match = '', string $side = 'both', ?bool $escape = null, bool $insensitiveSearch = false)
{
return $this->_like($field, $match, 'AND ', $side, 'NOT', $escape, $insensitiveSearch, 'QBHaving');
}
/**
* Generates a %LIKE% portion of the query.
* Separates multiple calls with 'OR'.
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $field
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orHavingLike($field, string $match = '', string $side = 'both', ?bool $escape = null, bool $insensitiveSearch = false)
{
return $this->_like($field, $match, 'OR ', $side, '', $escape, $insensitiveSearch, 'QBHaving');
}
/**
* Generates a NOT LIKE portion of the query.
* Separates multiple calls with 'OR'.
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $field
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orNotHavingLike($field, string $match = '', string $side = 'both', ?bool $escape = null, bool $insensitiveSearch = false)
{
return $this->_like($field, $match, 'OR ', $side, 'NOT', $escape, $insensitiveSearch, 'QBHaving');
}
/**
* @used-by like()
* @used-by orLike()
* @used-by notLike()
* @used-by orNotLike()
* @used-by havingLike()
* @used-by orHavingLike()
* @used-by notHavingLike()
* @used-by orNotHavingLike()
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $field
*
* @return $this
*/
protected function _like($field, string $match = '', string $type = 'AND ', string $side = 'both', string $not = '', ?bool $escape = null, bool $insensitiveSearch = false, string $clause = 'QBWhere')
{
$escape = is_bool($escape) ? $escape : $this->db->protectIdentifiers;
$side = strtolower($side);
if ($field instanceof RawSql) {
$k = (string) $field;
$v = $match;
$insensitiveSearch = false;
$prefix = empty($this->{$clause}) ? $this->groupGetType('') : $this->groupGetType($type);
if ($side === 'none') {
$bind = $this->setBind($field->getBindingKey(), $v, $escape);
} elseif ($side === 'before') {
$bind = $this->setBind($field->getBindingKey(), "%{$v}", $escape);
} elseif ($side === 'after') {
$bind = $this->setBind($field->getBindingKey(), "{$v}%", $escape);
} else {
$bind = $this->setBind($field->getBindingKey(), "%{$v}%", $escape);
}
$likeStatement = $this->_like_statement($prefix, $k, $not, $bind, $insensitiveSearch);
// some platforms require an escape sequence definition for LIKE wildcards
if ($escape === true && $this->db->likeEscapeStr !== '') {
$likeStatement .= sprintf($this->db->likeEscapeStr, $this->db->likeEscapeChar);
}
$this->{$clause}[] = [
'condition' => $field->with($likeStatement),
'escape' => $escape,
];
return $this;
}
$keyValue = ! is_array($field) ? [$field => $match] : $field;
foreach ($keyValue as $k => $v) {
if ($insensitiveSearch === true) {
$v = strtolower($v);
}
$prefix = empty($this->{$clause}) ? $this->groupGetType('') : $this->groupGetType($type);
if ($side === 'none') {
$bind = $this->setBind($k, $v, $escape);
} elseif ($side === 'before') {
$bind = $this->setBind($k, "%{$v}", $escape);
} elseif ($side === 'after') {
$bind = $this->setBind($k, "{$v}%", $escape);
} else {
$bind = $this->setBind($k, "%{$v}%", $escape);
}
$likeStatement = $this->_like_statement($prefix, $k, $not, $bind, $insensitiveSearch);
// some platforms require an escape sequence definition for LIKE wildcards
if ($escape === true && $this->db->likeEscapeStr !== '') {
$likeStatement .= sprintf($this->db->likeEscapeStr, $this->db->likeEscapeChar);
}
$this->{$clause}[] = [
'condition' => $likeStatement,
'escape' => $escape,
];
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Platform independent LIKE statement builder.
*/
protected function _like_statement(?string $prefix, string $column, ?string $not, string $bind, bool $insensitiveSearch = false): string
{
if ($insensitiveSearch === true) {
return "{$prefix} LOWER(" . $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($column) . ") {$not} LIKE :{$bind}:";
}
return "{$prefix} {$column} {$not} LIKE :{$bind}:";
}
/**
* Add UNION statement
*
* @param BaseBuilder|Closure $union
*
* @return $this
*/
public function union($union)
{
return $this->addUnionStatement($union);
}
/**
* Add UNION ALL statement
*
* @param BaseBuilder|Closure $union
*
* @return $this
*/
public function unionAll($union)
{
return $this->addUnionStatement($union, true);
}
/**
* @used-by union()
* @used-by unionAll()
*
* @param BaseBuilder|Closure $union
*
* @return $this
*/
protected function addUnionStatement($union, bool $all = false)
{
$this->QBUnion[] = "\n" . 'UNION '
. ($all ? 'ALL ' : '')
. 'SELECT * FROM '
. $this->buildSubquery($union, true, 'uwrp' . (count($this->QBUnion) + 1));
return $this;
}
/**
* Starts a query group.
*
* @return $this
*/
public function groupStart()
{
return $this->groupStartPrepare();
}
/**
* Starts a query group, but ORs the group
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orGroupStart()
{
return $this->groupStartPrepare('', 'OR ');
}
/**
* Starts a query group, but NOTs the group
*
* @return $this
*/
public function notGroupStart()
{
return $this->groupStartPrepare('NOT ');
}
/**
* Starts a query group, but OR NOTs the group
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orNotGroupStart()
{
return $this->groupStartPrepare('NOT ', 'OR ');
}
/**
* Ends a query group
*
* @return $this
*/
public function groupEnd()
{
return $this->groupEndPrepare();
}
/**
* Starts a query group for HAVING clause.
*
* @return $this
*/
public function havingGroupStart()
{
return $this->groupStartPrepare('', 'AND ', 'QBHaving');
}
/**
* Starts a query group for HAVING clause, but ORs the group.
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orHavingGroupStart()
{
return $this->groupStartPrepare('', 'OR ', 'QBHaving');
}
/**
* Starts a query group for HAVING clause, but NOTs the group.
*
* @return $this
*/
public function notHavingGroupStart()
{
return $this->groupStartPrepare('NOT ', 'AND ', 'QBHaving');
}
/**
* Starts a query group for HAVING clause, but OR NOTs the group.
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orNotHavingGroupStart()
{
return $this->groupStartPrepare('NOT ', 'OR ', 'QBHaving');
}
/**
* Ends a query group for HAVING clause.
*
* @return $this
*/
public function havingGroupEnd()
{
return $this->groupEndPrepare('QBHaving');
}
/**
* Prepate a query group start.
*
* @return $this
*/
protected function groupStartPrepare(string $not = '', string $type = 'AND ', string $clause = 'QBWhere')
{
$type = $this->groupGetType($type);
$this->QBWhereGroupStarted = true;
$prefix = empty($this->{$clause}) ? '' : $type;
$where = [
'condition' => $prefix . $not . str_repeat(' ', ++$this->QBWhereGroupCount) . ' (',
'escape' => false,
];
$this->{$clause}[] = $where;
return $this;
}
/**
* Prepate a query group end.
*
* @return $this
*/
protected function groupEndPrepare(string $clause = 'QBWhere')
{
$this->QBWhereGroupStarted = false;
$where = [
'condition' => str_repeat(' ', $this->QBWhereGroupCount--) . ')',
'escape' => false,
];
$this->{$clause}[] = $where;
return $this;
}
/**
* @used-by groupStart()
* @used-by _like()
* @used-by whereHaving()
* @used-by _whereIn()
* @used-by havingGroupStart()
*/
protected function groupGetType(string $type): string
{
if ($this->QBWhereGroupStarted) {
$type = '';
$this->QBWhereGroupStarted = false;
}
return $type;
}
/**
* @param array|string $by
*
* @return $this
*/
public function groupBy($by, ?bool $escape = null)
{
if (! is_bool($escape)) {
$escape = $this->db->protectIdentifiers;
}
if (is_string($by)) {
$by = ($escape === true) ? explode(',', $by) : [$by];
}
foreach ($by as $val) {
$val = trim($val);
if ($val !== '') {
$val = [
'field' => $val,
'escape' => $escape,
];
$this->QBGroupBy[] = $val;
}
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Separates multiple calls with 'AND'.
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $key
* @param mixed $value
*
* @return $this
*/
public function having($key, $value = null, ?bool $escape = null)
{
return $this->whereHaving('QBHaving', $key, $value, 'AND ', $escape);
}
/**
* Separates multiple calls with 'OR'.
*
* @param array|RawSql|string $key
* @param mixed $value
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orHaving($key, $value = null, ?bool $escape = null)
{
return $this->whereHaving('QBHaving', $key, $value, 'OR ', $escape);
}
/**
* @param string $direction ASC, DESC or RANDOM
*
* @return $this
*/
public function orderBy(string $orderBy, string $direction = '', ?bool $escape = null)
{
if (empty($orderBy)) {
return $this;
}
$direction = strtoupper(trim($direction));
if ($direction === 'RANDOM') {
$direction = '';
$orderBy = ctype_digit($orderBy) ? sprintf($this->randomKeyword[1], $orderBy) : $this->randomKeyword[0];
$escape = false;
} elseif ($direction !== '') {
$direction = in_array($direction, ['ASC', 'DESC'], true) ? ' ' . $direction : '';
}
if (! is_bool($escape)) {
$escape = $this->db->protectIdentifiers;
}
if ($escape === false) {
$qbOrderBy[] = [
'field' => $orderBy,
'direction' => $direction,
'escape' => false,
];
} else {
$qbOrderBy = [];
foreach (explode(',', $orderBy) as $field) {
$qbOrderBy[] = ($direction === '' && preg_match('/\s+(ASC|DESC)$/i', rtrim($field), $match, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE))
? [
'field' => ltrim(substr($field, 0, $match[0][1])),
'direction' => ' ' . $match[1][0],
'escape' => true,
]
: [
'field' => trim($field),
'direction' => $direction,
'escape' => true,
];
}
}
$this->QBOrderBy = array_merge($this->QBOrderBy, $qbOrderBy);
return $this;
}
/**
* @return $this
*/
public function limit(?int $value = null, ?int $offset = 0)
{
if ($value !== null) {
$this->QBLimit = $value;
}
if (! empty($offset)) {
$this->QBOffset = $offset;
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Sets the OFFSET value
*
* @return $this
*/
public function offset(int $offset)
{
if (! empty($offset)) {
$this->QBOffset = (int) $offset;
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Generates a platform-specific LIMIT clause.
*/
protected function _limit(string $sql, bool $offsetIgnore = false): string
{
return $sql . ' LIMIT ' . ($offsetIgnore === false && $this->QBOffset ? $this->QBOffset . ', ' : '') . $this->QBLimit;
}
/**
* Allows key/value pairs to be set for insert(), update() or replace().
*
* @param array|object|string $key Field name, or an array of field/value pairs
* @param mixed $value Field value, if $key is a single field
* @param bool|null $escape Whether to escape values
*
* @return $this
*/
public function set($key, $value = '', ?bool $escape = null)
{
$key = $this->objectToArray($key);
if (! is_array($key)) {
$key = [$key => $value];
}
$escape = is_bool($escape) ? $escape : $this->db->protectIdentifiers;
foreach ($key as $k => $v) {
if ($escape) {
$bind = $this->setBind($k, $v, $escape);
$this->QBSet[$this->db->protectIdentifiers($k, false)] = ":{$bind}:";
} else {
$this->QBSet[$this->db->protectIdentifiers($k, false)] = $v;
}
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Returns the previously set() data, alternatively resetting it if needed.
*/
public function getSetData(bool $clean = false): array
{
$data = $this->QBSet;
if ($clean) {
$this->QBSet = [];
}
return $data;
}
/**
* Compiles a SELECT query string and returns the sql.
*/
public function getCompiledSelect(bool $reset = true): string
{
$select = $this->compileSelect();
if ($reset === true) {
$this->resetSelect();
}
return $this->compileFinalQuery($select);
}
/**
* Returns a finalized, compiled query string with the bindings
* inserted and prefixes swapped out.
*/
protected function compileFinalQuery(string $sql): string
{
$query = new Query($this->db);
$query->setQuery($sql, $this->binds, false);
if (! empty($this->db->swapPre) && ! empty($this->db->DBPrefix)) {
$query->swapPrefix($this->db->DBPrefix, $this->db->swapPre);
}
return $query->getQuery();
}
/**
* Compiles the select statement based on the other functions called
* and runs the query
*
* @return false|ResultInterface
*/
public function get(?int $limit = null, int $offset = 0, bool $reset = true)
{
if ($limit !== null) {
$this->limit($limit, $offset);
}
$result = $this->testMode
? $this->getCompiledSelect($reset)
: $this->db->query($this->compileSelect(), $this->binds, false);
if ($reset === true) {
$this->resetSelect();
// Clear our binds so we don't eat up memory
$this->binds = [];
}
return $result;
}
/**
* Generates a platform-specific query string that counts all records in
* the particular table
*
* @return int|string
*/
public function countAll(bool $reset = true)
{
$table = $this->QBFrom[0];
$sql = $this->countString . $this->db->escapeIdentifiers('numrows') . ' FROM ' .
$this->db->protectIdentifiers($table, true, null, false);
if ($this->testMode) {
return $sql;
}
$query = $this->db->query($sql, null, false);
if (empty($query->getResult())) {
return 0;
}
$query = $query->getRow();
if ($reset === true) {
$this->resetSelect();
}
return (int) $query->numrows;
}
/**
* Generates a platform-specific query string that counts all records
* returned by an Query Builder query.
*
* @return int|string
*/
public function countAllResults(bool $reset = true)
{
// ORDER BY usage is often problematic here (most notably
// on Microsoft SQL Server) and ultimately unnecessary
// for selecting COUNT(*) ...
$orderBy = [];
if (! empty($this->QBOrderBy)) {
$orderBy = $this->QBOrderBy;
$this->QBOrderBy = null;
}
// We cannot use a LIMIT when getting the single row COUNT(*) result
$limit = $this->QBLimit;
$this->QBLimit = false;
if ($this->QBDistinct === true || ! empty($this->QBGroupBy)) {
// We need to backup the original SELECT in case DBPrefix is used
$select = $this->QBSelect;
$sql = $this->countString . $this->db->protectIdentifiers('numrows') . "\nFROM (\n" . $this->compileSelect() . "\n) CI_count_all_results";
// Restore SELECT part
$this->QBSelect = $select;
unset($select);
} else {
$sql = $this->compileSelect($this->countString . $this->db->protectIdentifiers('numrows'));
}
if ($this->testMode) {
return $sql;
}
$result = $this->db->query($sql, $this->binds, false);
if ($reset === true) {
$this->resetSelect();
} elseif (! isset($this->QBOrderBy)) {
$this->QBOrderBy = $orderBy;
}
// Restore the LIMIT setting
$this->QBLimit = $limit;
$row = ! $result instanceof ResultInterface ? null : $result->getRow();
if (empty($row)) {
return 0;
}
return (int) $row->numrows;
}
/**
* Compiles the set conditions and returns the sql statement
*
* @return array
*/
public function getCompiledQBWhere()
{
return $this->QBWhere;
}
/**
* Allows the where clause, limit and offset to be added directly
*
* @param array|string $where
*
* @return ResultInterface
*/
public function getWhere($where = null, ?int $limit = null, ?int $offset = 0, bool $reset = true)
{
if ($where !== null) {
$this->where($where);
}
if (! empty($limit)) {
$this->limit($limit, $offset);
}
$result = $this->testMode
? $this->getCompiledSelect($reset)
: $this->db->query($this->compileSelect(), $this->binds, false);
if ($reset === true) {
$this->resetSelect();
// Clear our binds so we don't eat up memory
$this->binds = [];
}
return $result;
}
/**
* Compiles batch insert strings and runs the queries
*
* @throws DatabaseException
*
* @return false|int|string[] Number of rows inserted or FALSE on failure, SQL array when testMode
*/
public function insertBatch(?array $set = null, ?bool $escape = null, int $batchSize = 100)
{
if ($set === null) {
if (empty($this->QBSet)) {
if (CI_DEBUG) {
throw new DatabaseException('You must use the "set" method to update an entry.');
}
return false; // @codeCoverageIgnore
}
} elseif (empty($set)) {
if (CI_DEBUG) {
throw new DatabaseException('insertBatch() called with no data');
}
return false; // @codeCoverageIgnore
}
$hasQBSet = $set === null;
$table = $this->QBFrom[0];
$affectedRows = 0;
$savedSQL = [];
if ($hasQBSet) {
$set = $this->QBSet;
}
for ($i = 0, $total = count($set); $i < $total; $i += $batchSize) {
if ($hasQBSet) {
$QBSet = array_slice($this->QBSet, $i, $batchSize);
} else {
$this->setInsertBatch(array_slice($set, $i, $batchSize), '', $escape);
$QBSet = $this->QBSet;
}
$sql = $this->_insertBatch($this->db->protectIdentifiers($table, true, null, false), $this->QBKeys, $QBSet);
if ($this->testMode) {
$savedSQL[] = $sql;
} else {
$this->db->query($sql, null, false);
$affectedRows += $this->db->affectedRows();
}
if (! $hasQBSet) {
$this->resetRun([
'QBSet' => [],
'QBKeys' => [],
]);
}
}
$this->resetWrite();
return $this->testMode ? $savedSQL : $affectedRows;
}
/**
* Generates a platform-specific insert string from the supplied data.
*/
protected function _insertBatch(string $table, array $keys, array $values): string
{
return 'INSERT ' . $this->compileIgnore('insert') . 'INTO ' . $table . ' (' . implode(', ', $keys) . ') VALUES ' . implode(', ', $values);
}
/**
* Allows key/value pairs to be set for batch inserts
*
* @param mixed $key
*
* @return $this|null
*/
public function setInsertBatch($key, string $value = '', ?bool $escape = null)
{
$key = $this->batchObjectToArray($key);
if (! is_array($key)) {
$key = [$key => $value];
}
$escape = is_bool($escape) ? $escape : $this->db->protectIdentifiers;
$keys = array_keys($this->objectToArray(current($key)));
sort($keys);
foreach ($key as $row) {
$row = $this->objectToArray($row);
if (array_diff($keys, array_keys($row)) !== [] || array_diff(array_keys($row), $keys) !== []) {
// batch function above returns an error on an empty array
$this->QBSet[] = [];
return null;
}
ksort($row); // puts $row in the same order as our keys
$clean = [];
foreach ($row as $rowValue) {
$clean[] = $escape ? $this->db->escape($rowValue) : $rowValue;
}
$row = $clean;
$this->QBSet[] = '(' . implode(',', $row) . ')';
}
foreach ($keys as $k) {
$this->QBKeys[] = $this->db->protectIdentifiers($k, false);
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Compiles an insert query and returns the sql
*
* @throws DatabaseException
*
* @return bool|string
*/
public function getCompiledInsert(bool $reset = true)
{
if ($this->validateInsert() === false) {
return false;
}
$sql = $this->_insert(
$this->db->protectIdentifiers($this->QBFrom[0], true, null, false),
array_keys($this->QBSet),
array_values($this->QBSet)
);
if ($reset === true) {
$this->resetWrite();
}
return $this->compileFinalQuery($sql);
}
/**
* Compiles an insert string and runs the query
*
* @throws DatabaseException
*
* @return bool|Query
*/
public function insert(?array $set = null, ?bool $escape = null)
{
if ($set !== null) {
$this->set($set, '', $escape);
}
if ($this->validateInsert() === false) {
return false;
}
$sql = $this->_insert(
$this->db->protectIdentifiers($this->QBFrom[0], true, $escape, false),
array_keys($this->QBSet),
array_values($this->QBSet)
);
if (! $this->testMode) {
$this->resetWrite();
$result = $this->db->query($sql, $this->binds, false);
// Clear our binds so we don't eat up memory
$this->binds = [];
return $result;
}
return false;
}
/**
* This method is used by both insert() and getCompiledInsert() to
* validate that the there data is actually being set and that table
* has been chosen to be inserted into.
*
* @throws DatabaseException
*/
protected function validateInsert(): bool
{
if (empty($this->QBSet)) {
if (CI_DEBUG) {
throw new DatabaseException('You must use the "set" method to update an entry.');
}
return false; // @codeCoverageIgnore
}
return true;
}
/**
* Generates a platform-specific insert string from the supplied data
*/
protected function _insert(string $table, array $keys, array $unescapedKeys): string
{
return 'INSERT ' . $this->compileIgnore('insert') . 'INTO ' . $table . ' (' . implode(', ', $keys) . ') VALUES (' . implode(', ', $unescapedKeys) . ')';
}
/**
* Compiles an replace into string and runs the query
*
* @throws DatabaseException
*
* @return BaseResult|false|Query|string
*/
public function replace(?array $set = null)
{
if ($set !== null) {
$this->set($set);
}
if (empty($this->QBSet)) {
if (CI_DEBUG) {
throw new DatabaseException('You must use the "set" method to update an entry.');
}
return false; // @codeCoverageIgnore
}
$table = $this->QBFrom[0];
$sql = $this->_replace($table, array_keys($this->QBSet), array_values($this->QBSet));
$this->resetWrite();
return $this->testMode ? $sql : $this->db->query($sql, $this->binds, false);
}
/**
* Generates a platform-specific replace string from the supplied data
*/
protected function _replace(string $table, array $keys, array $values): string
{
return 'REPLACE INTO ' . $table . ' (' . implode(', ', $keys) . ') VALUES (' . implode(', ', $values) . ')';
}
/**
* Groups tables in FROM clauses if needed, so there is no confusion
* about operator precedence.
*
* Note: This is only used (and overridden) by MySQL and SQLSRV.
*/
protected function _fromTables(): string
{
return implode(', ', $this->QBFrom);
}
/**
* Compiles an update query and returns the sql
*
* @return bool|string
*/
public function getCompiledUpdate(bool $reset = true)
{
if ($this->validateUpdate() === false) {
return false;
}
$sql = $this->_update($this->QBFrom[0], $this->QBSet);
if ($reset === true) {
$this->resetWrite();
}
return $this->compileFinalQuery($sql);
}
/**
* Compiles an update string and runs the query.
*
* @param mixed $where
*
* @throws DatabaseException
*/
public function update(?array $set = null, $where = null, ?int $limit = null): bool
{
if ($set !== null) {
$this->set($set);
}
if ($this->validateUpdate() === false) {
return false;
}
if ($where !== null) {
$this->where($where);
}
if (! empty($limit)) {
if (! $this->canLimitWhereUpdates) {
throw new DatabaseException('This driver does not allow LIMITs on UPDATE queries using WHERE.');
}
$this->limit($limit);
}
$sql = $this->_update($this->QBFrom[0], $this->QBSet);
if (! $this->testMode) {
$this->resetWrite();
$result = $this->db->query($sql, $this->binds, false);
if ($result !== false) {
// Clear our binds so we don't eat up memory
$this->binds = [];
return true;
}
return false;
}
return true;
}
/**
* Generates a platform-specific update string from the supplied data
*/
protected function _update(string $table, array $values): string
{
$valStr = [];
foreach ($values as $key => $val) {
$valStr[] = $key . ' = ' . $val;
}
return 'UPDATE ' . $this->compileIgnore('update') . $table . ' SET ' . implode(', ', $valStr)
. $this->compileWhereHaving('QBWhere')
. $this->compileOrderBy()
. ($this->QBLimit ? $this->_limit(' ', true) : '');
}
/**
* This method is used by both update() and getCompiledUpdate() to
* validate that data is actually being set and that a table has been
* chosen to be update.
*
* @throws DatabaseException
*/
protected function validateUpdate(): bool
{
if (empty($this->QBSet)) {
if (CI_DEBUG) {
throw new DatabaseException('You must use the "set" method to update an entry.');
}
return false; // @codeCoverageIgnore
}
return true;
}
/**
* Compiles an update string and runs the query
*
* @throws DatabaseException
*
* @return false|int|string[] Number of rows affected or FALSE on failure, SQL array when testMode
*/
public function updateBatch(?array $set = null, ?string $index = null, int $batchSize = 100)
{
if ($index === null) {
if (CI_DEBUG) {
throw new DatabaseException('You must specify an index to match on for batch updates.');
}
return false; // @codeCoverageIgnore
}
if ($set === null) {
if (empty($this->QBSet)) {
if (CI_DEBUG) {
throw new DatabaseException('You must use the "set" method to update an entry.');
}
return false; // @codeCoverageIgnore
}
} elseif (empty($set)) {
if (CI_DEBUG) {
throw new DatabaseException('updateBatch() called with no data');
}
return false; // @codeCoverageIgnore
}
$hasQBSet = $set === null;
$table = $this->QBFrom[0];
$affectedRows = 0;
$savedSQL = [];
$savedQBWhere = $this->QBWhere;
if ($hasQBSet) {
$set = $this->QBSet;
}
for ($i = 0, $total = count($set); $i < $total; $i += $batchSize) {
if ($hasQBSet) {
$QBSet = array_slice($this->QBSet, $i, $batchSize);
} else {
$this->setUpdateBatch(array_slice($set, $i, $batchSize), $index);
$QBSet = $this->QBSet;
}
$sql = $this->_updateBatch(
$table,
$QBSet,
$this->db->protectIdentifiers($index)
);
if ($this->testMode) {
$savedSQL[] = $sql;
} else {
$this->db->query($sql, $this->binds, false);
$affectedRows += $this->db->affectedRows();
}
if (! $hasQBSet) {
$this->resetWrite();
}
$this->QBWhere = $savedQBWhere;
}
$this->resetWrite();
return $this->testMode ? $savedSQL : $affectedRows;
}
/**
* Generates a platform-specific batch update string from the supplied data
*/
protected function _updateBatch(string $table, array $values, string $index): string
{
$ids = [];
$final = [];
foreach ($values as $val) {
$ids[] = $val[$index];
foreach (array_keys($val) as $field) {
if ($field !== $index) {
$final[$field][] = 'WHEN ' . $index . ' = ' . $val[$index] . ' THEN ' . $val[$field];
}
}
}
$cases = '';
foreach ($final as $k => $v) {
$cases .= $k . " = CASE \n"
. implode("\n", $v) . "\n"
. 'ELSE ' . $k . ' END, ';
}
$this->where($index . ' IN(' . implode(',', $ids) . ')', null, false);
return 'UPDATE ' . $this->compileIgnore('update') . $table . ' SET ' . substr($cases, 0, -2) . $this->compileWhereHaving('QBWhere');
}
/**
* Allows key/value pairs to be set for batch updating
*
* @param array|object $key
*
* @throws DatabaseException
*
* @return $this|null
*/
public function setUpdateBatch($key, string $index = '', ?bool $escape = null)
{
$key = $this->batchObjectToArray($key);
if (! is_array($key)) {
return null;
}
if (! is_bool($escape)) {
$escape = $this->db->protectIdentifiers;
}
foreach ($key as $v) {
$indexSet = false;
$clean = [];
foreach ($v as $k2 => $v2) {
if ($k2 === $index) {
$indexSet = true;
}
$clean[$this->db->protectIdentifiers($k2, false)]
= $escape ? $this->db->escape($v2) : $v2;
}
if ($indexSet === false) {
throw new DatabaseException('One or more rows submitted for batch updating is missing the specified index.');
}
$this->QBSet[] = $clean;
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Compiles a delete string and runs "DELETE FROM table"
*
* @return bool|string TRUE on success, FALSE on failure, string on testMode
*/
public function emptyTable()
{
$table = $this->QBFrom[0];
$sql = $this->_delete($table);
if ($this->testMode) {
return $sql;
}
$this->resetWrite();
return $this->db->query($sql, null, false);
}
/**
* Compiles a truncate string and runs the query
* If the database does not support the truncate() command
* This function maps to "DELETE FROM table"
*
* @return bool|string TRUE on success, FALSE on failure, string on testMode
*/
public function truncate()
{
$table = $this->QBFrom[0];
$sql = $this->_truncate($table);
if ($this->testMode) {
return $sql;
}
$this->resetWrite();
return $this->db->query($sql, null, false);
}
/**
* Generates a platform-specific truncate string from the supplied data
*
* If the database does not support the truncate() command,
* then this method maps to 'DELETE FROM table'
*/
protected function _truncate(string $table): string
{
return 'TRUNCATE ' . $table;
}
/**
* Compiles a delete query string and returns the sql
*/
public function getCompiledDelete(bool $reset = true): string
{
$sql = $this->testMode()->delete('', null, $reset);
$this->testMode(false);
return $this->compileFinalQuery($sql);
}
/**
* Compiles a delete string and runs the query
*
* @param mixed $where
*
* @throws DatabaseException
*
* @return bool|string
*/
public function delete($where = '', ?int $limit = null, bool $resetData = true)
{
$table = $this->db->protectIdentifiers($this->QBFrom[0], true, null, false);
if ($where !== '') {
$this->where($where);
}
if (empty($this->QBWhere)) {
if (CI_DEBUG) {
throw new DatabaseException('Deletes are not allowed unless they contain a "where" or "like" clause.');
}
return false; // @codeCoverageIgnore
}
$sql = $this->_delete($table);
if (! empty($limit)) {
$this->QBLimit = $limit;
}
if (! empty($this->QBLimit)) {
if (! $this->canLimitDeletes) {
throw new DatabaseException('SQLite3 does not allow LIMITs on DELETE queries.');
}
$sql = $this->_limit($sql, true);
}
if ($resetData) {
$this->resetWrite();
}
return $this->testMode ? $sql : $this->db->query($sql, $this->binds, false);
}
/**
* Increments a numeric column by the specified value.
*
* @return bool
*/
public function increment(string $column, int $value = 1)
{
$column = $this->db->protectIdentifiers($column);
$sql = $this->_update($this->QBFrom[0], [$column => "{$column} + {$value}"]);
return $this->db->query($sql, $this->binds, false);
}
/**
* Decrements a numeric column by the specified value.
*
* @return bool
*/
public function decrement(string $column, int $value = 1)
{
$column = $this->db->protectIdentifiers($column);
$sql = $this->_update($this->QBFrom[0], [$column => "{$column}-{$value}"]);
return $this->db->query($sql, $this->binds, false);
}
/**
* Generates a platform-specific delete string from the supplied data
*/
protected function _delete(string $table): string
{
return 'DELETE ' . $this->compileIgnore('delete') . 'FROM ' . $table . $this->compileWhereHaving('QBWhere');
}
/**
* Used to track SQL statements written with aliased tables.
*
* @param array|string $table The table to inspect
*
* @return string|void
*/
protected function trackAliases($table)
{
if (is_array($table)) {
foreach ($table as $t) {
$this->trackAliases($t);
}
return;
}
// Does the string contain a comma? If so, we need to separate
// the string into discreet statements
if (strpos($table, ',') !== false) {
return $this->trackAliases(explode(',', $table));
}
// if a table alias is used we can recognize it by a space
if (strpos($table, ' ') !== false) {
// if the alias is written with the AS keyword, remove it
$table = preg_replace('/\s+AS\s+/i', ' ', $table);
// Grab the alias
$table = trim(strrchr($table, ' '));
// Store the alias, if it doesn't already exist
$this->db->addTableAlias($table);
}
}
/**
* Compile the SELECT statement
*
* Generates a query string based on which functions were used.
* Should not be called directly.
*
* @param mixed $selectOverride
*/
protected function compileSelect($selectOverride = false): string
{
if ($selectOverride !== false) {
$sql = $selectOverride;
} else {
$sql = (! $this->QBDistinct) ? 'SELECT ' : 'SELECT DISTINCT ';
if (empty($this->QBSelect)) {
$sql .= '*';
} elseif ($this->QBSelect[0] instanceof RawSql) {
$sql .= (string) $this->QBSelect[0];
} else {
// Cycle through the "select" portion of the query and prep each column name.
// The reason we protect identifiers here rather than in the select() function
// is because until the user calls the from() function we don't know if there are aliases
foreach ($this->QBSelect as $key => $val) {
$noEscape = $this->QBNoEscape[$key] ?? null;
$this->QBSelect[$key] = $this->db->protectIdentifiers($val, false, $noEscape);
}
$sql .= implode(', ', $this->QBSelect);
}
}
if (! empty($this->QBFrom)) {
$sql .= "\nFROM " . $this->_fromTables();
}
if (! empty($this->QBJoin)) {
$sql .= "\n" . implode("\n", $this->QBJoin);
}
$sql .= $this->compileWhereHaving('QBWhere')
. $this->compileGroupBy()
. $this->compileWhereHaving('QBHaving')
. $this->compileOrderBy();
if ($this->QBLimit) {
$sql = $this->_limit($sql . "\n");
}
return $this->unionInjection($sql);
}
/**
* Checks if the ignore option is supported by
* the Database Driver for the specific statement.
*
* @return string
*/
protected function compileIgnore(string $statement)
{
if ($this->QBIgnore && isset($this->supportedIgnoreStatements[$statement])) {
return trim($this->supportedIgnoreStatements[$statement]) . ' ';
}
return '';
}
/**
* Escapes identifiers in WHERE and HAVING statements at execution time.
*
* Required so that aliases are tracked properly, regardless of whether
* where(), orWhere(), having(), orHaving are called prior to from(),
* join() and prefixTable is added only if needed.
*
* @param string $qbKey 'QBWhere' or 'QBHaving'
*
* @return string SQL statement
*/
protected function compileWhereHaving(string $qbKey): string
{
if (! empty($this->{$qbKey})) {
foreach ($this->{$qbKey} as &$qbkey) {
// Is this condition already compiled?
if (is_string($qbkey)) {
continue;
}
if ($qbkey['condition'] instanceof RawSql) {
$qbkey = $qbkey['condition'];
continue;
}
if ($qbkey['escape'] === false) {
$qbkey = $qbkey['condition'];
continue;
}
// Split multiple conditions
$conditions = preg_split(
'/((?:^|\s+)AND\s+|(?:^|\s+)OR\s+)/i',
$qbkey['condition'],
-1,
PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE | PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY
);
foreach ($conditions as &$condition) {
if (($op = $this->getOperator($condition)) === false
|| ! preg_match('/^(\(?)(.*)(' . preg_quote($op, '/') . ')\s*(.*(?<!\)))?(\)?)$/i', $condition, $matches)
) {
continue;
}
// $matches = array(
// 0 => '(test <= foo)', /* the whole thing */
// 1 => '(', /* optional */
// 2 => 'test', /* the field name */
// 3 => ' <= ', /* $op */
// 4 => 'foo', /* optional, if $op is e.g. 'IS NULL' */
// 5 => ')' /* optional */
// );
if (! empty($matches[4])) {
$protectIdentifiers = false;
if (strpos($matches[4], '.') !== false) {
$protectIdentifiers = true;
}
if (strpos($matches[4], ':') === false) {
$matches[4] = $this->db->protectIdentifiers(trim($matches[4]), false, $protectIdentifiers);
}
$matches[4] = ' ' . $matches[4];
}
$condition = $matches[1] . $this->db->protectIdentifiers(trim($matches[2]))
. ' ' . trim($matches[3]) . $matches[4] . $matches[5];
}
$qbkey = implode('', $conditions);
}
return ($qbKey === 'QBHaving' ? "\nHAVING " : "\nWHERE ")
. implode("\n", $this->{$qbKey});
}
return '';
}
/**
* Escapes identifiers in GROUP BY statements at execution time.
*
* Required so that aliases are tracked properly, regardless of whether
* groupBy() is called prior to from(), join() and prefixTable is added
* only if needed.
*/
protected function compileGroupBy(): string
{
if (! empty($this->QBGroupBy)) {
foreach ($this->QBGroupBy as &$groupBy) {
// Is it already compiled?
if (is_string($groupBy)) {
continue;
}
$groupBy = ($groupBy['escape'] === false || $this->isLiteral($groupBy['field']))
? $groupBy['field']
: $this->db->protectIdentifiers($groupBy['field']);
}
return "\nGROUP BY " . implode(', ', $this->QBGroupBy);
}
return '';
}
/**
* Escapes identifiers in ORDER BY statements at execution time.
*
* Required so that aliases are tracked properly, regardless of whether
* orderBy() is called prior to from(), join() and prefixTable is added
* only if needed.
*/
protected function compileOrderBy(): string
{
if (is_array($this->QBOrderBy) && ! empty($this->QBOrderBy)) {
foreach ($this->QBOrderBy as &$orderBy) {
if ($orderBy['escape'] !== false && ! $this->isLiteral($orderBy['field'])) {
$orderBy['field'] = $this->db->protectIdentifiers($orderBy['field']);
}
$orderBy = $orderBy['field'] . $orderBy['direction'];
}
return $this->QBOrderBy = "\nORDER BY " . implode(', ', $this->QBOrderBy);
}
if (is_string($this->QBOrderBy)) {
return $this->QBOrderBy;
}
return '';
}
protected function unionInjection(string $sql): string
{
if ($this->QBUnion === []) {
return $sql;
}
return 'SELECT * FROM (' . $sql . ') '
. ($this->db->protectIdentifiers ? $this->db->escapeIdentifiers('uwrp0') : 'uwrp0')
. implode("\n", $this->QBUnion);
}
/**
* Takes an object as input and converts the class variables to array key/vals
*
* @param object $object
*
* @return array
*/
protected function objectToArray($object)
{
if (! is_object($object)) {
return $object;
}
$array = [];
foreach (get_object_vars($object) as $key => $val) {
// There are some built in keys we need to ignore for this conversion
if (! is_object($val) && ! is_array($val) && $key !== '_parent_name') {
$array[$key] = $val;
}
}
return $array;
}
/**
* Takes an object as input and converts the class variables to array key/vals
*
* @param object $object
*
* @return array
*/
protected function batchObjectToArray($object)
{
if (! is_object($object)) {
return $object;
}
$array = [];
$out = get_object_vars($object);
$fields = array_keys($out);
foreach ($fields as $val) {
// There are some built in keys we need to ignore for this conversion
if ($val !== '_parent_name') {
$i = 0;
foreach ($out[$val] as $data) {
$array[$i++][$val] = $data;
}
}
}
return $array;
}
/**
* Determines if a string represents a literal value or a field name
*/
protected function isLiteral(string $str): bool
{
$str = trim($str);
if (empty($str)
|| ctype_digit($str)
|| (string) (float) $str === $str
|| in_array(strtoupper($str), ['TRUE', 'FALSE'], true)
) {
return true;
}
if ($this->isLiteralStr === []) {
$this->isLiteralStr = $this->db->escapeChar !== '"' ? ['"', "'"] : ["'"];
}
return in_array($str[0], $this->isLiteralStr, true);
}
/**
* Publicly-visible method to reset the QB values.
*
* @return $this
*/
public function resetQuery()
{
$this->resetSelect();
$this->resetWrite();
return $this;
}
/**
* Resets the query builder values. Called by the get() function
*
* @param array $qbResetItems An array of fields to reset
*/
protected function resetRun(array $qbResetItems)
{
foreach ($qbResetItems as $item => $defaultValue) {
$this->{$item} = $defaultValue;
}
}
/**
* Resets the query builder values. Called by the get() function
*/
protected function resetSelect()
{
$this->resetRun([
'QBSelect' => [],
'QBJoin' => [],
'QBWhere' => [],
'QBGroupBy' => [],
'QBHaving' => [],
'QBOrderBy' => [],
'QBNoEscape' => [],
'QBDistinct' => false,
'QBLimit' => false,
'QBOffset' => false,
'QBUnion' => [],
]);
if (! empty($this->db)) {
$this->db->setAliasedTables([]);
}
// Reset QBFrom part
if (! empty($this->QBFrom)) {
$this->from(array_shift($this->QBFrom), true);
}
}
/**
* Resets the query builder "write" values.
*
* Called by the insert() update() insertBatch() updateBatch() and delete() functions
*/
protected function resetWrite()
{
$this->resetRun([
'QBSet' => [],
'QBJoin' => [],
'QBWhere' => [],
'QBOrderBy' => [],
'QBKeys' => [],
'QBLimit' => false,
'QBIgnore' => false,
]);
}
/**
* Tests whether the string has an SQL operator
*/
protected function hasOperator(string $str): bool
{
return preg_match(
'/(<|>|!|=|\sIS NULL|\sIS NOT NULL|\sEXISTS|\sBETWEEN|\sLIKE|\sIN\s*\(|\s)/i',
trim($str)
) === 1;
}
/**
* Returns the SQL string operator
*
* @return mixed
*/
protected function getOperator(string $str, bool $list = false)
{
if ($this->pregOperators === []) {
$_les = $this->db->likeEscapeStr !== ''
? '\s+' . preg_quote(trim(sprintf($this->db->likeEscapeStr, $this->db->likeEscapeChar)), '/')
: '';
$this->pregOperators = [
'\s*(?:<|>|!)?=\s*', // =, <=, >=, !=
'\s*<>?\s*', // <, <>
'\s*>\s*', // >
'\s+IS NULL', // IS NULL
'\s+IS NOT NULL', // IS NOT NULL
'\s+EXISTS\s*\(.*\)', // EXISTS(sql)
'\s+NOT EXISTS\s*\(.*\)', // NOT EXISTS(sql)
'\s+BETWEEN\s+', // BETWEEN value AND value
'\s+IN\s*\(.*\)', // IN(list)
'\s+NOT IN\s*\(.*\)', // NOT IN (list)
'\s+LIKE\s+\S.*(' . $_les . ')?', // LIKE 'expr'[ ESCAPE '%s']
'\s+NOT LIKE\s+\S.*(' . $_les . ')?', // NOT LIKE 'expr'[ ESCAPE '%s']
];
}
return preg_match_all(
'/' . implode('|', $this->pregOperators) . '/i',
$str,
$match
) ? ($list ? $match[0] : $match[0][0]) : false;
}
/**
* Stores a bind value after ensuring that it's unique.
* While it might be nicer to have named keys for our binds array
* with PHP 7+ we get a huge memory/performance gain with indexed
* arrays instead, so lets take advantage of that here.
*
* @param mixed $value
*/
protected function setBind(string $key, $value = null, bool $escape = true): string
{
if (! array_key_exists($key, $this->binds)) {
$this->binds[$key] = [
$value,
$escape,
];
return $key;
}
if (! array_key_exists($key, $this->bindsKeyCount)) {
$this->bindsKeyCount[$key] = 1;
}
$count = $this->bindsKeyCount[$key]++;
$this->binds[$key . '.' . $count] = [
$value,
$escape,
];
return $key . '.' . $count;
}
/**
* Returns a clone of a Base Builder with reset query builder values.
*
* @return $this
*
* @deprecated
*/
protected function cleanClone()
{
return (clone $this)->from([], true)->resetQuery();
}
/**
* @param mixed $value
*/
protected function isSubquery($value): bool
{
return $value instanceof BaseBuilder || $value instanceof Closure;
}
/**
* @param BaseBuilder|Closure $builder
* @param bool $wrapped Wrap the subquery in brackets
* @param string $alias Subquery alias
*/
protected function buildSubquery($builder, bool $wrapped = false, string $alias = ''): string
{
if ($builder instanceof Closure) {
$builder($builder = $this->db->newQuery());
}
if ($builder === $this) {
throw new DatabaseException('The subquery cannot be the same object as the main query object.');
}
$subquery = strtr($builder->getCompiledSelect(), "\n", ' ');
if ($wrapped) {
$subquery = '(' . $subquery . ')';
$alias = trim($alias);
if ($alias !== '') {
$subquery .= ' ' . ($this->db->protectIdentifiers ? $this->db->escapeIdentifiers($alias) : $alias);
}
}
return $subquery;
}
}
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